2012), and still others reporting it unrelated to suicide risk ( Le, Nguyen et al. 2004), others finding it a risk factor( Zhao, Yang et al. 2011), the empirical evidence is inconsistent, with some studies reporting it to be protective ( Dervic, Oquendo et al. Future qualitative studies might further clarify these associations.Īlthough religion is reported to be protective against suicide, ( Suicide Prevention Resource Center 2003 Koenig 2009 Perlman, Neufeld et al. After adjusting for social support measures, religious service attendance is not especially protective against suicidal ideation, but does protect against suicide attempts, and possibly protects against suicide. Whether religious affiliation protects against suicide attempts may depend on the culture-specific implications of affiliating with a particular religion, since minority religious groups can feel socially isolated. We found that religious affiliation does not necessarily protect against suicidal ideation, but does protect against suicide attempts. We systematically reviewed the literature on religion and suicide over the last ten years (89 articles) with a goal of identifying what specific dimensions of religion are associated with specific aspects of suicide. Research is complicated by the fact that there are many dimensions to religion (affiliation, participation, doctrine) and suicide (ideation, attempt, completion). Chaplains views on change in quality of religious prison rehab programs U.S.Although religion is reported to be protective against suicide, the empirical evidence is inconsistent.Percentage of hate crimes solved by reason Spain 2019.Americans' views on monotheism and religious diversity in 2011.Countries with the highest prison occupancy level 2022.Chaplains views on change in quality of religious prison rehab programs U.S.Chaplains on change in participation in religious prison rehab programs U.S.Countries with the largest share of female prisoners 2022.Countries with the largest share of foreign prisoners 2022.Countries with the largest share of pre-trial detainees 2022.Percentage of inmates with HIV/AIDS in U.S.Requests for religious accommodation in U.S.Types of religious extremism seen in U.S.Measures taken against religious extremism in U.S.Share of security threats caused by religious extremism in U.S.Rate of religious extremism as a security threat in U.S.Regardless of the supposed reason for their imprisonment, this disproportionate number presents a problem for United States policy makers. In turn, fears have been raised that prisons have become a hotbed for religious extremism.Ĭritics have argued that religious extremism has provided an unwarranted justification for the conviction of Muslims. The debate has stretched into prisons particularly with the United States prison on Guantanamo Bay holding a number of suspected terrorists related to religious extremism. Bush, religious extremism has been a target of public debate and policy. As a result a sizable share of prison chaplains identity as Muslim, catering to the preferences of the Muslim prison population.įollowing the SeptemWorld Trade Centre attacks and the subsequent War on Terror launched by George W. In contrast the number of Muslim inmates is disproportionately large in comparison with wider society. That said, the proportion of non-religious inmates and those declining to express their religious affiliation is smaller than the overall proportion. The religious affiliation of inmates in the United States, the country with most prisoners per head globally, is reasonably similar to the religious affiliations of the society overall. Chaplains surveyed reported that on average 50.6 percent of inmates were of protestant faiths.Īdditional information on religion in United States prisons prison chaplains estimations of the percentage of inmates belonging to different organized faiths and religions as of 2011.
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